{"id":"CVE-2010-0232","published":"2010-01-21T19:30:00Z","modified":"2026-06-16T23:15:45Z","title":"Microsoft Windows Kernel Exception Handler Vulnerability","vendor":"Microsoft","product":"Windows","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"The kernel in Microsoft Windows NT 3.1 through Windows 7, including Windows 2000 SP4, Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2, and Windows Server 2008 Gold and SP2, when access to 16-bit applications is enabled on a 32-bit x86 platform, does not properly validate certain BIOS calls, which allows local users to gain privileges by crafting a VDM_TIB data structure in the Thread Environment Block (TEB), and then calling the NtVdmControl function to start the Windows Virtual DOS Machine (aka NTVDM) subsystem, leading to improperly handled exceptions involving the #GP trap handler (nt!KiTrap0D), aka \"Windows Kernel Exception Handler Vulnerability.\"","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The Windows kernel in Microsoft Windows NT 3.1 through Windows 7 and the listed Windows Server editions, when 16-bit application support is enabled on 32-bit x86 systems, fails to properly validate certain BIOS calls, with the flaw residing in the kernel exception handling path. A local user with low privileges and no user interaction can craft a VDM_TIB structure in the Thread Environment Block and call NtVdmControl to start the Virtual DOS Machine subsystem, which leads to improperly handled exceptions in the #GP trap handler and allows privilege escalation.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:06:47Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.28735,"percentile":0.98134,"date":"2026-10-28","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-03-03","dueDate":"2022-03-24","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","notes":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-0232","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2016-08-04","exploitedFirstSeen":"2016-08-04","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.recordedfuture.com/russian-apt-toolkits","date":"2016-08-04"},{"url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3465481.3465758","date":"2021-08-17"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2022-03-03"},{"url":"https://go.group-ib.com/hubfs/report/protected/group-ib-opera1er-full-threat-research-2022-en.pdf","date":"2022-11-03"}],"evidenceTotal":4,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 18, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad38c22e1848f8189d1c121","created":"2026-10-17"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-264","name":null}],"references":[{"url":"http://blogs.technet.com/msrc/archive/2010/01/20/security-advisory-979682-released.aspx","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://lists.immunitysec.com/pipermail/dailydave/2010-January/006000.html","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://lock.cmpxchg8b.com/c0af0967d904cef2ad4db766a00bc6af/KiTrap0D.zip","tags":["Broken Link","Exploit"]},{"url":"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2010/Jan/341","tags":["Exploit","Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/38265","tags":["Broken Link","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://securitytracker.com/id?1023471","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/advisory/979682.mspx","tags":["Broken Link","Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/509106/100/0/threaded","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/37864","tags":["Broken Link","Exploit","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-040A.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory","US Government Resource"]},{"url":"http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/0179","tags":["Broken Link","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2010/ms10-015","tags":["Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/55742","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A8344","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://blogs.technet.com/msrc/archive/2010/01/20/security-advisory-979682-released.aspx","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://lists.immunitysec.com/pipermail/dailydave/2010-January/006000.html","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://lock.cmpxchg8b.com/c0af0967d904cef2ad4db766a00bc6af/KiTrap0D.zip","tags":["Broken Link","Exploit"]},{"url":"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2010/Jan/341","tags":["Exploit","Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/38265","tags":["Broken Link","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://securitytracker.com/id?1023471","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/advisory/979682.mspx","tags":["Broken Link","Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/509106/100/0/threaded","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/37864","tags":["Broken Link","Exploit","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-040A.html","tags":["Third Party Advisory","US Government Resource"]},{"url":"http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/0179","tags":["Broken Link","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2010/ms10-015","tags":["Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/55742","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A8344","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-0232","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1608","name":"Stage Capabilities","tactics":["resource-development"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-cve","bases":["ctid-cve"],"basisDetail":"CTID attack_to_cve (Phase 1)","mappingType":"uncategorized","evidence":[],"confidence":"low","confidenceNote":"CTID attack_to_cve Phase 1 \"Uncategorized\" mapping (not staged by impact)"},{"id":"T1068","name":"Exploitation for Privilege Escalation","tactics":["privilege-escalation"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: local user privilege escalation via kernel flaw","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"does not properly validate certain BIOS calls, which allows local users to gain privileges","start":279,"end":369}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[{"id":"SRC-965fe7ffde65d044b893","title":"THE DUKES 7 YEARS OF RUSSIAN CYBERESPIONAGE","publisher":"blog-assets.f-secure.com","url":"https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/18122307/F-Secure_Dukes_Whitepaper.pdf","date":null,"mentions":[{"quote":"(CVE-2010-0232) affecting Microsoft Windows.","start":17026,"end":17070},{"quote":"exploit either of the publicly known CVE-2010-0232 or CVE-2010- 4398 privilege escalation","start":60696,"end":60785},{"quote":"In the case of CVE-2010-0232, the exploit appears to be based directly on the","start":60804,"end":60881},{"quote":"many of these loader samples embed CosmicDuke variants that exploit the CVE-2010- 0232","start":62173,"end":62259}]}],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2010-0263","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2010-0263","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2022-03-03","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[{"id":11199,"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/11199","title":"Microsoft Windows NT/2000/2003/2008/XP/Vista/7 - 'KiTrap0D' User Mode to Ring Escalation (MS10-015)","type":"local","platform":"windows","date":"2010-01-19","verified":true,"provenance":"source"}],"exploitSources":{"exploitdb":{"count":1,"earliest":"2010-01-19"},"pocGithub":{"count":1,"skipped":0,"earliest":"2023-09-11","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/azorfus/CVE-2010-0232","repos":[{"name":"azorfus/CVE-2010-0232","url":"https://github.com/azorfus/CVE-2010-0232","stars":0,"created":"2023-09-11"}]},"metasploit":[{"name":"Windows SYSTEM Escalation via KiTrap0D","module":"exploit/windows/local/ms10_015_kitrap0d","type":"exploit","disclosureDate":"2010-01-19","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/windows/local/ms10_015_kitrap0d.rb"}],"first":{"date":"2010-01-19","source":"Exploit-DB","url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/11199"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":["http://lock.cmpxchg8b.com/c0af0967d904cef2ad4db766a00bc6af/KiTrap0D.zip","http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2010/Jan/341","http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/37864"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1068"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"related","techniques":["T1608"],"provenance":"source","lowConfidence":true}],"timeline":[{"date":"2010-01-19","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: Exploit-DB (EDB-11199); later: Metasploit 2010-01-19, PoC-in-GitHub 2023-09-11","url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/11199","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2010-01-21","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-0232","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2016-08-04","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.recordedfuture.com/russian-apt-toolkits","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-03","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-03","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2010-0263","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":"Exploit-DB","daysToKev":4424},"priority":{"score":72.0,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 3738 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.63,"detail":"percentile 0.9813"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":3.87,"detail":"1 report"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"3 NVD references tagged Exploit; 1 Exploit-DB entry; 1 PoC-in-GitHub repo; 1 Metasploit module"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.46,"detail":"base score 7.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"familyId":"fam-class-microsoft-windows-cwe-264"}}