{"id":"CVE-2018-9995","published":"2018-04-10T22:00:00Z","modified":"2024-08-05T07:32:01Z","title":"TBK DVR4104 and DVR4216 devices, as well as Novo, CeNova, QSee, Pulnix, XVR 5 in 1, Securus, Night OWL, DVR Login, HVR…","vendor":null,"product":null,"tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"TBK DVR4104 and DVR4216 devices, as well as Novo, CeNova, QSee, Pulnix, XVR 5 in 1, Securus, Night OWL, DVR Login, HVR Login, and MDVR Login, which run re-branded versions of the original TBK DVR4104 and DVR4216 series, allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via a \"Cookie: uid=admin\" header, as demonstrated by a device.rsp?opt=user&cmd=list request that provides credentials within JSON data in a response.","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org"},"summary":{"text":"The TBK DVR4104 and DVR4216 devices, along with re-branded variants such as Novo, CeNova, QSee, Pulnix, XVR 5 in 1, Securus, Night OWL, DVR Login, HVR Login, and MDVR Login, contain an authentication bypass flaw in their web interface.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T07:12:56Z"},"cvss":null,"epss":{"score":0.82322,"percentile":0.9966,"date":"2026-10-30","provenance":"source"},"kev":null,"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2020-02-25","exploitedFirstSeen":"2020-02-25","ransomware":true,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.csk.gov.in/alerts/STOP_ransomware.html","date":"2020-02-25"},{"url":"https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/outbreak-alert/tbk-dvr-attack","date":"2023-05-01"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-13&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-13"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-14&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-14"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-15&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-15"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-16&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-16"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-17&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-17"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-18&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-18"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-19&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-19"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2023-11-20&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2018-9995","date":"2023-11-20"}],"evidenceTotal":935,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":8,"pulses":[{"name":"Spam “Broken Seal” DocuSign-themed Delivery w/Fileless Process Hollowing (Zeppelin/Bloat-A) by msudosos","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/69bf64eccb5d39a90a3c391e","created":"2026-03-22"},{"name":"Spam “Broken Seal” DocuSign-themed Delivery w/Fileless Process Hollowing (Zeppelin/Bloat-A) by msudosos","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/69bf64e1d5e06aa6207f78de","created":"2026-03-22"},{"name":"“Broken Seal” DocuSign-themed Delivery with Fileless Process Hollowing (Zeppelin/Bloat-A)","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/698e93e1ab02db8c49e8c3ed","created":"2026-02-13"},{"name":"Matrix Unleashes A New Widespread DDoS Campaign","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/674762afca244f0ae68fb484","created":"2024-11-27"},{"name":"IOC's found on my pesonal devices; week starting 08/14/23","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/65709ffcf3ffe737f8cb8dfd","created":"2023-12-06"},{"name":"IOC's found on my pesonal devices; week starting 08/14/23","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/64dd9c1d76a7807782a691d3","created":"2023-08-17"},{"name":"Attempted Administrator Privilege Gain (Mirai Variant User-Agent)","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/64640499268ffa30abe51d5b","created":"2023-05-16"},{"name":"Proof Point Emerging Exploit list","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6399fdc966948f6b537b9762","created":"2022-12-14"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[],"references":[{"url":"https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/new-hacking-tool-lets-users-access-a-bunch-of-dvrs-and-their-video-feeds/","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44577/","tags":["exploit","x_refsource_EXPLOIT-DB"]},{"url":"http://misteralfa-hack.blogspot.cl/2018/04/tbk-vision-dvr-login-bypass.html","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"http://misteralfa-hack.blogspot.cl/2018/04/update-dvr-login-bypass-cve-2018-9995.html","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: remote unauthenticated exploit of exposed device interface","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via a \"Cookie: uid=admin\" header","start":220,"end":300}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1078","name":"Valid Accounts","tactics":["initial-access","persistence","privilege-escalation","stealth"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: bypass yields credentials and valid admin access","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"provides credentials within JSON data in a response","start":365,"end":416}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[{"id":"SRC-ab60e18dfb72c1e085c0","title":"Matrix Unleashes A New Widespread DDoS Campaign","publisher":"aquasec.com","url":"https://www.aquasec.com/blog/matrix-unleashes-a-new-widespread-ddos-campaign/","date":"2024-11-26","mentions":[{"quote":"However, the majority of the vulnerabilities center around IoT devices (CVE-2022-30525, CVE-2022-30075, CVE-2018-10562, CVE-2018-10561, CVE-2018-9995, CVE-2017-18368, CVE-2017-17215, CVE-2017-17106, and CVE-2014-8361).","start":7138,"end":7356},{"quote":"CVE-2018-9995: Targeting Digital Video Recorders (DVRs) to exploit weaknesses in certain DVR devices that use the Hi3520 platform.","start":30613,"end":30743}]}],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2018-21587","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2018-21587","exploited":false,"exploitedSince":null,"provenance":"source"},"exploits":[{"id":44577,"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44577","title":"TBK DVR4104 / DVR4216 - Credentials Leak","type":"remote","platform":"hardware","date":"2018-05-02","verified":false,"provenance":"source"}],"exploitSources":{"exploitdb":{"count":1,"earliest":"2018-05-02"},"pocGithub":{"count":20,"skipped":6,"earliest":"2018-04-29","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/ezelf/CVE-2018-9995_dvr_credentials","repos":[{"name":"ezelf/CVE-2018-9995_dvr_credentials","url":"https://github.com/ezelf/CVE-2018-9995_dvr_credentials","stars":558,"created":"2018-04-29"},{"name":"Cyb0r9/DVR-Exploiter","url":"https://github.com/Cyb0r9/DVR-Exploiter","stars":112,"created":"2018-09-23"},{"name":"0xDamian/CVE-2018-9995-rs","url":"https://github.com/0xDamian/CVE-2018-9995-rs","stars":96,"created":"2025-10-28"},{"name":"X3RX3SSec/DVR_Sploit","url":"https://github.com/X3RX3SSec/DVR_Sploit","stars":11,"created":"2024-02-18"},{"name":"zzh217/CVE-2018-9995_Batch_scanning_exp","url":"https://github.com/zzh217/CVE-2018-9995_Batch_scanning_exp","stars":4,"created":"2018-05-08"}]},"nuclei":[{"id":"CVE-2018-9995","name":"TBK DVR4104/DVR4216 Devices - Authentication Bypass","severity":"critical","path":"http/cves/2018/CVE-2018-9995.yaml","url":"https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2018/CVE-2018-9995.yaml"}],"first":{"date":"2018-04-29","source":"PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/ezelf/CVE-2018-9995_dvr_credentials"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":["https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44577/"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1190"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1078"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2018-04-10","kind":"published","label":"Published (CVE.org)","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-9995","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2018-04-29","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: PoC-in-GitHub; later: Exploit-DB 2018-05-02","url":"https://github.com/ezelf/CVE-2018-9995_dvr_credentials","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2020-02-25","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.csk.gov.in/alerts/STOP_ransomware.html","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2024-11-26","kind":"report","label":"Named in aquasec.com: Matrix Unleashes A New Widespread DDoS Campaign","url":"https://www.aquasec.com/blog/matrix-unleashes-a-new-widespread-ddos-campaign/","provenance":"machine"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":19,"firstExploitFrom":"PoC-in-GitHub","daysToKev":null},"priority":{"score":76.0,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 2440 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":10.0,"detail":"VulnCheck KEV: Known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.93,"detail":"percentile 0.9966"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":3.87,"detail":"1 report"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit; 1 Exploit-DB entry; 20 PoC-in-GitHub repos; 1 nuclei template"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":2.17,"detail":"8 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":0.0,"detail":"no CVSS"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}