{"id":"CVE-2021-27860","published":"2021-12-08T17:15:10Z","modified":"2026-06-17T03:45:32Z","title":"FatPipe WARP, IPVPN, and MPVPN Configuration Upload exploit","vendor":"FatPipe","product":"WARP, IPVPN, and MPVPN software","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"A vulnerability in the web management interface of FatPipe WARP, IPVPN, and MPVPN software prior to versions 10.1.2r60p92 and 10.2.2r44p1 allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to upload a file to any location on the filesystem. The FatPipe advisory identifier for this vulnerability is FPSA006.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The FatPipe WARP, IPVPN, and MPVPN software has an unrestricted file upload flaw (CWE-434) in its web management interface. A remote attacker with no authentication and no privileges can upload a file to any location on the filesystem, but this requires a user to interact with the attack (per the vector's UI:R component).","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:05:20Z"},"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.3968,"percentile":0.98616,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-01-10","dueDate":"2022-01-24","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","notes":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27860","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2022-01-10","exploitedFirstSeen":"2022-01-10","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2022-01-10"},{"url":"https://cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-144a","date":"2023-05-24"},{"url":"https://media.defense.gov/2023/May/24/2003229517/-1/-1/0/CSA_Living_off_the_Land.PDF","date":"2023-05-24"},{"url":"https://information.rapid7.com/rs/411-NAK-970/images/Rapid7-2023-Mid-Year-Threat-Review.pdf","date":"2023-08-17"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/aa24-317a-2023-top-routinely-exploited-vulnerabilities.pdf","date":"2024-11-12"},{"url":"https://www.cyber.gov.au/about-us/view-all-content/alerts-and-advisories/2023-top-routinely-exploited-vulnerabilities","date":"2024-11-13"},{"url":"https://www.tenable.com/blog/volt-typhoon-u-s-critical-infrastructure-targeted-by-state-sponsored-actors","date":"2024-11-19"}],"evidenceTotal":7,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 18, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad38c22e1848f8189d1c121","created":"2026-10-17"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-434","name":"Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type"}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.fatpipeinc.com/support/cve-list.php","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2021/211117-2.pdf","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory","US Government Resource"]},{"url":"https://www.fatpipeinc.com/support/cve-list.php","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2021/211117-2.pdf","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory","US Government Resource"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-27860","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Unrestricted File Upload","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"CVE-2021-27860 is a vulnerability in the web management interface in FatPipe software. The vulnerability allowed APT actors to gain access to an unrestricted file upload function to drop a webshell for exploitation activity with root access, leading to elevated privileges and potential follow-on activity. Exploitation of this vulnerability then served as a jumping off point into other infrastructure for the APT actors. ","confidence":"low","confidenceNote":"needs user interaction; not a public-facing exploit"},{"id":"T1505.003","name":"Web Shell","tactics":["persistence"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Unrestricted File Upload","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"CVE-2021-27860 is a vulnerability in the web management interface in FatPipe software. The vulnerability allowed APT actors to gain access to an unrestricted file upload function to drop a webshell for exploitation activity with root access, leading to elevated privileges and potential follow-on activity. Exploitation of this vulnerability then served as a jumping off point into other infrastructure for the APT actors. ","confidence":"high"}],"reports":[{"id":"SRC-85c8e0502ba6942d5745","title":"Disclaimer: This document is marked TLP:CLEAR. Disclosure is not limited. Sources may use TLP:CLEAR when information carries minimal or no foreseeable","publisher":"media.defense.gov","url":"https://media.defense.gov/2023/May/24/2003229517/-1/-1/0/CSA_Living_off_the_Land.PDF","date":null,"mentions":[{"quote":" CVE-2021-27860—FatPipe WARP, IPVPN, MPVPN.","start":30713,"end":30757}]}],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2021-14598","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2021-14598","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2022-01-10","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":["https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2021/211117-2.pdf"],"flow":[{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1505.003"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"related","techniques":["T1190"],"provenance":"source","lowConfidence":true}],"timeline":[{"date":"2021-12-08","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27860","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-01-10","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-01-10","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-01-10","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2021-14598","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":33},"priority":{"score":72.8,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 1753 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.72,"detail":"percentile 0.9862"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":3.87,"detail":"1 report"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.16,"detail":"base score 8.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}