{"id":"CVE-2023-41974","published":"2024-01-10T22:15:49Z","modified":"2026-06-17T06:23:10Z","title":"Apple iOS and iPadOS Use-After-Free Vulnerability","vendor":"Apple","product":"iOS and iPadOS","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 17 and iPadOS 17, iOS 15.8.7 and iPadOS 15.8.7. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"A use-after-free flaw in the memory management of Apple iOS and iPadOS allows a malicious or compromised app to corrupt kernel memory. An attacker needs a local app on the device, and the attack requires user interaction, such as the user opening or running that app.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:12:54Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.01955,"percentile":0.80214,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2026-03-05","dueDate":"2026-03-26","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213938 ; https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213938 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41974","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2026-03-03","exploitedFirstSeen":"2026-03-03","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/coruna-powerful-ios-exploit-kit/","date":"2026-03-03"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2026-03-05"},{"url":"https://www.nadsec.online/blog/coruna","date":"2026-03-09"},{"url":"https://www.recordedfuture.com/blog/march-2026-cve-landscape","date":"2026-04-13"}],"evidenceTotal":4,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-416","name":"Use After Free"}],"references":[{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/120949","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/126632","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213938","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213938","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/coruna-powerful-ios-exploit-kit","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-41974","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1204.002","name":"Malicious File","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Victim must install or open malicious app","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"An app may be able to execute arbitrary code","start":145,"end":189}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1068","name":"Exploitation for Privilege Escalation","tactics":["privilege-escalation"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Use-after-free yields kernel-level privilege escalation","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges","start":145,"end":212}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2023-46433","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2023-46433","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2026-03-05","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":["https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/coruna-powerful-ios-exploit-kit"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1204.002"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1068"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2024-01-10","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41974","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-03-03","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/coruna-powerful-ios-exploit-kit/","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-03-05","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-03-05","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2023-46433","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":785},"priority":{"score":69.5,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":5.0,"detail":"added 241 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":16.04,"detail":"percentile 0.8021"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.46,"detail":"base score 7.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"familyId":"fam-class-apple-ios-macos-cwe-416"}}