{"id":"CVE-2023-4474","published":"2023-11-30T01:45:29Z","modified":"2025-12-16T18:23:26Z","title":"The improper neutralization of special elements in the WSGI server of the Zyxel NAS326 firmware version…","vendor":"Zyxel","product":"NAS326 firmware","tier":"core","eol":null,"affectedVersions":[{"vendor":"Zyxel","product":"NAS326 firmware","versions":["V5.21(AAZF.14)C0"]},{"vendor":"Zyxel","product":"NAS542 firmware","versions":["V5.21(ABAG.11)C0"]}],"description":{"text":"The improper neutralization of special elements in the WSGI server of the Zyxel NAS326 firmware version V5.21(AAZF.14)C0 and NAS542 firmware version V5.21(ABAG.11)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands by sending a crafted URL to a vulnerable device.","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org"},"summary":null,"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"CRITICAL","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org CNA"},"epss":{"score":0.2974,"percentile":0.98193,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":null,"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2024-04-30","exploitedFirstSeen":"2024-04-30","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Another+Day+Another+NAS+Attacks+against+Zyxel+NAS326+devices+CVE20234473+CVE20234474/30884","date":"2024-04-30"}],"evidenceTotal":1,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":0,"pulses":[],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-authentication-bypass-and-command-injection-vulnerabilities-in-nas-products","tags":["vendor-advisory"]},{"url":"https://bugprove.com/knowledge-hub/cve-2023-4473-and-cve-2023-4474-authentication-bypass-and-multiple-blind-os-command-injection-vulnerabilities-in-zyxel-s-nas-326-devices/","tags":[]}],"techniques":[],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2023-54329","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2023-54329","exploited":false,"exploitedSince":null,"provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[],"timeline":[{"date":"2023-11-30","kind":"published","label":"Published (CVE.org)","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4474","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2024-04-30","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Another+Day+Another+NAS+Attacks+against+Zyxel+NAS326+devices+CVE20234473+CVE20234474/30884","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":null},"priority":{"score":61.5,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 913 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.64,"detail":"percentile 0.9819"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":0.0,"detail":"none found"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":0.0,"detail":"0 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.86,"detail":"base score 9.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}