{"id":"CVE-2025-11953","published":"2025-11-03T17:15:32Z","modified":"2026-06-17T08:31:28Z","title":"React Native Community CLI OS Command Injection Vulnerability","vendor":"React Native Community","product":"CLI","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"The Metro Development Server, which is opened by the React Native Community CLI, binds to external interfaces by default. The server exposes an endpoint that is vulnerable to OS command injection. This allows unauthenticated network attackers to send a POST request to the server and run arbitrary executables. On Windows, the attackers can also execute arbitrary shell commands with fully controlled arguments.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The React Native Community CLI's Metro Development Server contains an OS command injection flaw in an exposed endpoint, and the server binds to external interfaces by default. An unauthenticated attacker on the network can send a POST request to that endpoint to run arbitrary executables, and on Windows can also run arbitrary shell commands with fully controlled arguments, with no user interaction or configuration change required.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T08:31:57Z"},"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"CRITICAL","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.9398,"percentile":0.99845,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2026-02-05","dueDate":"2026-02-26","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"This vulnerability could affect an open-source component, third-party library, protocol, or proprietary implementation that could be used by different products. For more information, please see: https://github.com/react-native-community/cli/commit/15089907d1f1301b22c72d7f68846a2ef20df547 ; https://github.com/react-native-community/cli/pull/2735 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11953","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-12-21","exploitedFirstSeen":"2026-02-03","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/blog/metro4shell_eitw","date":"2026-02-03"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2026-02-05"},{"url":"https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/misconfigured-enrolled-and-dormant-anatomy-of-a-p2pinfect-kubernetes-compromise","date":"2026-05-20"},{"url":"https://hunt.io/blog/middle-east-malicious-infrastructure-report","date":"2026-05-21"}],"evidenceTotal":4,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/react-native-community/cli/commit/15089907d1f1301b22c72d7f68846a2ef20df547","tags":["Patch"]},{"url":"https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2025-11953-critical-react-native-community-cli-vulnerability","tags":["Exploit","Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://x.com/SzymonRybczak/status/1986199665000566848","tags":["Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://x.com/thymikee/status/1986770875954475375","tags":["Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-11953","tags":["US Government Resource"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/blog/metro4shell_eitw","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Unauthenticated network POST to exposed server","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"exposes an endpoint that is vulnerable to OS command injection","start":133,"end":195}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1059","name":"Command and Scripting Interpreter","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Arbitrary executable execution via command injection","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"allows unauthenticated network attackers to send a POST request to the server and run arbitrary executables","start":202,"end":309}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"@react-native-community/cli","vulnerableRanges":[">=20.0.0-alpha.0, <20.0.0",">=19.0.0-alpha.0, <19.1.2",">=18.0.0, <18.0.1"],"patched":["20.0.0","19.1.2","18.0.1"],"from":["GHSA-399j-vxmf-hjvr"],"provenance":"source"},{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"@react-native-community/cli-server-api","vulnerableRanges":[">=20.0.0-alpha.0, <20.0.0",">=19.0.0-alpha.0, <19.1.2",">=18.0.0, 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