{"id":"CVE-2025-24016","published":"2025-02-10T20:15:42Z","modified":"2026-06-17T08:57:53Z","title":"Wazuh Server Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability","vendor":"Wazuh","product":"Wazuh Server","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. Starting in version 4.4.0 and prior to version 4.9.1, an unsafe deserialization vulnerability allows for remote code execution on Wazuh servers. DistributedAPI parameters are a serialized as JSON and deserialized using `as_wazuh_object` (in `framework/wazuh/core/cluster/common.py`). If an attacker manages to inject an unsanitized dictionary in DAPI request/response, they can forge an unhandled exception (`__unhandled_exc__`) to evaluate arbitrary python code. The vulnerability can be triggered by anybody with API access (compromised dashboard or Wazuh servers in the cluster) or, in certain configurations, even by a compromised agent. Version 4.9.1 contains a fix.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The vulnerability is an unsafe deserialization flaw in the Wazuh Server product, in its DistributedAPI handling, where parameters serialized as JSON are deserialized via as_wazuh_object in framework/wazuh/core/cluster/common.py. An attacker with API access (such as a compromised dashboard or a cluster server), or in some configurations a compromised agent, who can inject an unsanitized dictionary into a DAPI request or response can forge an unhandled exception to execute arbitrary Python code remotely on the Wazuh server, affecting versions from 4.4.0 up to but not including 4.9.1.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:08:12Z"},"cvss":{"score":9.9,"severity":"CRITICAL","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.9384,"percentile":0.99844,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-06-10","dueDate":"2025-07-01","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"https://wazuh.com/blog/addressing-the-cve-2025-24016-vulnerability/ ; https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24016","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-05-03","exploitedFirstSeen":"2025-05-03","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-03&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-03"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-04&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-04"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-05&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-05"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-06&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-06"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-07&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-07"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-08&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-08"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2025-05-16&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2025-24016","date":"2025-05-16"},{"url":"https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/botnets-flaw-mirai-spreads-through-wazuh-vulnerability","date":"2025-06-09"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2025-06-10"},{"url":"https://wazuh.com/blog/addressing-the-cve-2025-24016-vulnerability/","date":"2025-06-11"}],"evidenceTotal":59,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-502","name":"Deserialization of Untrusted Data"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh","tags":["Exploit","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24016","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1078","name":"Valid Accounts","tactics":["initial-access","persistence","privilege-escalation","stealth"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Deserialization of Untrusted Data","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"Attackers with API access have been reported as exploiting this vulnerability through a JSON payload sent to a Wazuh worker server. Requests relayed to the master server can result in arbitrary code execution.","confidence":"high"},{"id":"T1059","name":"Command and Scripting Interpreter","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Deserialization of Untrusted Data","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"Attackers with API access have been reported as exploiting this vulnerability through a JSON payload sent to a Wazuh worker server. Requests relayed to the master server can result in arbitrary code execution.","confidence":"high"},{"id":"T1203","name":"Exploitation for Client Execution","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Deserialization of Untrusted Data","mappingType":"secondary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"Attackers with API access have been reported as exploiting this vulnerability through a JSON payload sent to a Wazuh worker server. Requests relayed to the master server can result in arbitrary code execution.","confidence":"low","confidenceNote":"server-side bug exploitable without user interaction; client-execution technique does not fit"}],"reports":[],"affected":[{"ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/wazuh/wazuh","vulnerableRanges":[">=4.4.0, <4.9.1",">=4.4.0+incompatible, <4.9.1+incompatible"],"patched":["4.9.1","4.9.1+incompatible"],"from":["GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh","GO-2025-3459"],"provenance":"source"}],"advisories":[{"id":"GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh","severity":"CRITICAL","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/wazuh/wazuh","vulnerableRanges":[">=4.4.0, <4.9.1"],"patched":["4.9.1"],"provenance":"source","from":"GHSA"}],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-3595","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-3595","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2025-06-10","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":{"pocGithub":{"count":7,"skipped":1,"earliest":"2025-02-13","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/huseyinstif/CVE-2025-24016-Nuclei-Template","repos":[{"name":"0xjessie21/CVE-2025-24016","url":"https://github.com/0xjessie21/CVE-2025-24016","stars":43,"created":"2025-02-16"},{"name":"guinea-offensive-security/Wazuh-RCE","url":"https://github.com/guinea-offensive-security/Wazuh-RCE","stars":8,"created":"2025-07-13"},{"name":"MuhammadWaseem29/CVE-2025-24016","url":"https://github.com/MuhammadWaseem29/CVE-2025-24016","stars":6,"created":"2025-02-20"},{"name":"huseyinstif/CVE-2025-24016-Nuclei-Template","url":"https://github.com/huseyinstif/CVE-2025-24016-Nuclei-Template","stars":4,"created":"2025-02-13"},{"name":"cybersecplayground/CVE-2025-24016-Wazuh-Remote-Code-Execution-RCE-PoC","url":"https://github.com/cybersecplayground/CVE-2025-24016-Wazuh-Remote-Code-Execution-RCE-PoC","stars":2,"created":"2025-04-21"}]},"metasploit":[{"name":"Wazuh server remote code execution caused by an unsafe deserialization vulnerability.","module":"exploit/linux/http/wazuh_auth_rce_cve_2025_24016","type":"exploit","disclosureDate":"2025-02-10","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/wazuh_auth_rce_cve_2025_24016.rb"}],"nuclei":[{"id":"CVE-2025-24016","name":"Wazuh - Unsafe Deserialization Remote Code Execution","severity":"critical","path":"http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-24016.yaml","url":"https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-24016.yaml"}],"first":{"date":"2025-02-10","source":"Metasploit","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/wazuh_auth_rce_cve_2025_24016.rb"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":["https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1078"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1059"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"related","techniques":["T1203"],"provenance":"source","lowConfidence":true}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-02-10","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24016","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-02-10","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: Metasploit; 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7 PoC-in-GitHub repos; 1 Metasploit module; 1 nuclei template"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.93,"detail":"base score 9.9"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"packageHistory":[{"cve":"CVE-2024-35177","published":"2025-02-03","fixed":"4.9.0+incompatible","kev":false,"link":{"from":"CVE-2024-35177","to":"CVE-2025-24016","relation":"successor","confidence":"medium","kind":"sequence","evidence":[{"kind":"version-step","provenance":"source","package":"Go:github.com/wazuh/wazuh","fromFixed":"4.9.0+incompatible","toFixed":"4.9.1","daysApart":7},{"kind":"similar","provenance":"machine","score":0.23,"basis":"same package + description similarity"}]}},{"cve":"CVE-2024-47770","published":"2025-02-03","fixed":"4.9.1+incompatible","kev":false,"link":{"from":"CVE-2025-24016","to":"CVE-2024-47770","relation":"successor","confidence":"low","kind":"sequence","orderedBy":"description","evidence":[{"kind":"version-step","provenance":"source","package":"Go:github.com/wazuh/wazuh","fromFixed":"4.9.1","toFixed":"4.9.1+incompatible","daysApart":-7}]}},{"cve":"CVE-2025-24016","published":"2025-02-10","fixed":"4.9.1+incompatible","kev":true}],"package":"Go:github.com/wazuh/wazuh"}}