{"id":"CVE-2025-24991","published":"2025-03-11T17:16:35Z","modified":"2026-06-17T08:59:56Z","title":"Microsoft Windows NTFS Out-Of-Bounds Read Vulnerability","vendor":"Microsoft","product":"Windows","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The flaw is an out-of-bounds read in the NTFS component of Microsoft Windows, the file system driver that handles file and directory operations. An attacker with local access can exploit it to disclose information, with the attack requiring user interaction and no privileges beyond what is needed to reach the local system.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:14:44Z"},"cvss":{"score":5.5,"severity":"MEDIUM","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.02018,"percentile":0.8088,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-03-11","dueDate":"2025-04-01","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24991 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24991","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-03-11","exploitedFirstSeen":"2025-03-11","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://api.msrc.microsoft.com/cvrf/v3.0/cvrf/2025-Mar","date":"2025-03-11"},{"url":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lkNJ0uQwbeC1ZTRrxdtuPLCIl7mlUreoKfSIgajnSyY/edit","date":"2025-03-11"},{"url":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24991","date":"2025-03-11"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2025-03-11"},{"url":"https://www.loginsoft.com/reports/annually/vulnerability-intelligence-report-2025","date":"2026-01-20"}],"evidenceTotal":5,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-125","name":"Out-of-bounds Read"}],"references":[{"url":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24991","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24991","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1091","name":"Replication Through Removable Media","tactics":["initial-access","lateral-movement"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Out-of-Bounds (Read and Write)","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"This vulnerability is facilitated by the insertion of information into log files, which could lead to the disclosure of said sensitive information through an attack. In order to exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs physical access to the system, such as the ability to mount an external drive.","confidence":"high"},{"id":"T1005","name":"Data from Local System","tactics":["collection"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Out-of-Bounds (Read and Write)","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"This vulnerability is facilitated by the insertion of information into log files, which could lead to the disclosure of said sensitive information through an attack. In order to exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs physical access to the system, such as the ability to mount an external drive.","confidence":"high"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-6320","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-6320","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2025-03-11","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1091"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1005"],"provenance":"source"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-03-11","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24991","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-03-11","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://api.msrc.microsoft.com/cvrf/v3.0/cvrf/2025-Mar","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-03-11","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-03-11","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-6320","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":0},"priority":{"score":58.0,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 598 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":16.18,"detail":"percentile 0.8088"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":0.0,"detail":"none found"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":3.85,"detail":"base score 5.5"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"familyId":"fam-class-microsoft-windows-cwe-125"}}