{"id":"CVE-2025-25293","published":"2025-03-12T20:11:08Z","modified":"2025-11-03T19:45:02Z","title":"ruby-saml vulnerable to Remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses","vendor":"SAML-Toolkits","product":"ruby-saml","tier":"tail","description":{"text":"ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org"},"cvss":{"score":7.7,"severity":"HIGH","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org CNA"},"epss":{"score":0.01528,"percentile":0.74695,"provenance":"source"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-400","name":"Uncontrolled Resource Consumption"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]},{"url":"https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/acac9e9cc0b9a507882c614f25d41f8b47be349a","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e2da4c6dae7dc01a4d9cd221395140a67e2b3eb1","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-355_ruby-saml","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0008/","tags":[]},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00011.html","tags":[]}],"priority":{"score":20.3,"factors":[{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":14.94},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.39}]},"vendorSlug":"saml-toolkits","affectedVersions":[{"vendor":"SAML-Toolkits","product":"ruby-saml","versions":["< 1.12.4",">= 1.13.0, < 1.18.0"]}],"affected":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"ruby-saml","vulnerableRanges":["<1.12.4",">=1.13.0, <1.18.0"],"patched":["1.12.4","1.18.0"],"from":["GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq"],"provenance":"source"}],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-6413","exploited":false,"provenance":"source"},"lineage":{"familyId":"fam-saml-toolkits-ruby-saml-cve-2024-45409","parents":[{"from":"CVE-2025-25291","to":"CVE-2025-25293","relation":"related","confidence":"medium","kind":"lineage","evidence":[{"kind":"same-code","provenance":"machine","files":["lib/onelogin/ruby-saml/saml_message.rb"],"commits":["https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/acac9e9cc0b9a507882c614f25d41f8b47be349a","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e2da4c6dae7dc01a4d9cd221395140a67e2b3eb1"],"basis":"shared function","functions":["decode_raw_saml"]}]},{"from":"CVE-2025-25292","to":"CVE-2025-25293","relation":"related","confidence":"medium","kind":"lineage","evidence":[{"kind":"same-code","provenance":"machine","files":["lib/onelogin/ruby-saml/saml_message.rb"],"commits":["https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/acac9e9cc0b9a507882c614f25d41f8b47be349a","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e2da4c6dae7dc01a4d9cd221395140a67e2b3eb1"],"basis":"shared function","functions":["decode_raw_saml"]}]}],"children":[{"from":"CVE-2025-25293","to":"CVE-2025-66567","relation":"related","confidence":"medium","kind":"lineage","evidence":[{"kind":"same-code","provenance":"machine","files":["lib/onelogin/ruby-saml/saml_message.rb"],"commits":["https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/acac9e9cc0b9a507882c614f25d41f8b47be349a","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e2da4c6dae7dc01a4d9cd221395140a67e2b3eb1","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97"],"basis":"shared function","functions":["decode_raw_saml"]}]}],"packageHistory":[{"cve":"CVE-2024-45409","published":"2024-09-10","fixed":"1.17.0","kev":false,"link":{"from":"CVE-2024-45409","to":"CVE-2025-25293","relation":"successor","confidence":"low","kind":"sequence","evidence":[{"kind":"version-step","provenance":"source","package":"RubyGems:ruby-saml","fromFixed":"1.12.3","toFixed":"1.12.4","daysApart":183}]}},{"cve":"CVE-2025-25291","published":"2025-03-12","fixed":"1.18.0","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2025-25292","published":"2025-03-12","fixed":"1.18.0","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2025-25293","published":"2025-03-12","fixed":"1.18.0","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2025-66567","published":"2025-12-09","fixed":"1.18.0","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2025-66568","published":"2025-12-09","fixed":"1.18.0","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2025-54572","published":"2025-07-30","fixed":"1.18.1","kev":false}],"package":"RubyGems:ruby-saml"}}