{"id":"CVE-2026-102490","published":"2026-09-30T17:16:40Z","modified":"2026-10-09T14:21:05Z","title":"Zammad GmbH Zammad Improper Privilege Management Vulnerability","vendor":"Zammad GmbH","product":"Zammad","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Zammad packages built with packager.io (DEB and RPM) could have allowed a local attacker who already had file system write privileges as the unprivileged zammad service account to escalate to full root privileges on the host. Service processes began running as root and executed files that were owned and writable by the zammad account before dropping their identity to that account. An attacker holding that foothold could have escalated within seconds, because the affected services were restarted automatically whenever they stopped; no administrator interaction was required. Only installations from the DEB and RPM packages were affected — installations from source or the official container images were not. All released packaged versions were affected.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"Zammad packages built with packager.io (DEB and RPM) contain an improper privilege management flaw in which services start as root and execute files owned and writable by the unprivileged zammad account before dropping privileges. A local attacker who already has file system write access as the zammad service account can escalate to full root on the host without any user interaction, with the automatic service restarts making the escalation quick; installations from source or the official container images are not affected.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:15:02Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.10936,"percentile":0.95872,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2026-10-02","dueDate":"2026-10-05","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.","notes":"https://zammad.com/en/product/releases/ ; https://community.zammad.org/t/take-care-local-privilege-escalation-cve-2026-102490-is-reported-as-being-actively-exploited/21297/2 ; BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102490","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2026-09-30","exploitedFirstSeen":"2026-09-30","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://csirt.divd.nl/cases/DIVD-2026-00015/","date":"2026-09-30"},{"url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/enisa/EUVD-2026-90081","date":"2026-09-30"},{"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/posts/zammad-share-7511092586393010176-RkCb/","date":"2026-09-30"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2026-10-02"}],"evidenceTotal":4,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":27,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-269","name":"Improper Privilege Management"}],"references":[{"url":"https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2026-102490","tags":["Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2026-00015","tags":["Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/zammad/zammad/security/advisories/GHSA-p97w-927q-8vxq","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://zammad.com/en/advisories/cve-2026-102489-cve-2026-102490","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-102490","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1068","name":"Exploitation for Privilege Escalation","tactics":["privilege-escalation"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: local privilege escalation via writable root-executed files","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"could have allowed a local attacker who already had file system write privileges","start":53,"end":133}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1059","name":"Command and Scripting Interpreter","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: root services execute attacker-writable files","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"executed files that were owned and writable by the zammad account","start":270,"end":335}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2026-90081","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-90081","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2026-09-30","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1068"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1059"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102490","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://csirt.divd.nl/cases/DIVD-2026-00015/","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-90081","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-10-02","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":2},"priority":{"score":72.6,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":10.0,"detail":"added 30 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.17,"detail":"percentile 0.9587"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":0.0,"detail":"none found"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"27 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.46,"detail":"base score 7.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}