{"id":"CVE-2026-4631","published":"2026-04-07T16:30:28Z","modified":"2026-10-15T18:54:51Z","title":"Cockpit: cockpit: unauthenticated remote code execution due to ssh command-line argument injection","vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10","tier":"core","eol":null,"affectedVersions":[{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9","versions":["all versions"]},{"vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support","versions":["all versions"]}],"description":{"text":"Cockpit's remote login feature passes user-supplied hostnames and usernames from the web interface to the SSH client without validation or sanitization. An attacker with network access to the Cockpit web service can craft a single HTTP request to the login endpoint that injects malicious SSH options or shell commands, achieving code execution on the Cockpit host without valid credentials. The injection occurs during the authentication flow before any credential verification takes place, meaning no login is required to exploit the vulnerability.","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org"},"summary":{"text":"Cockpit's remote login feature, in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, passes user-supplied hostnames and usernames from the web interface to the SSH client without validation or sanitization. An attacker with network access to the Cockpit web service can send a single crafted HTTP request to the login endpoint, requiring no credentials or user interaction, to inject SSH options or shell commands and execute code on the Cockpit host.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T08:32:13Z"},"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"CRITICAL","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org CNA"},"epss":{"score":0.1548,"percentile":0.96806,"date":"2026-10-31","provenance":"source"},"kev":null,"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2026-07-08","exploitedFirstSeen":"2026-07-08","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-08&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-08"},{"url":"https://previdian.com/CVE-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-08"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-10&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-10"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-11&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-11"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-12&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-12"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-13&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-13"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-16&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-16"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-18&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-18"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-19&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-19"},{"url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-22&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","date":"2026-07-22"}],"evidenceTotal":50,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":null,"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"references":[{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2026:21387","tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2026:21388","tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7381","tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7382","tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7383","tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7384","tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4631","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2450246","tags":["issue-tracking","x_refsource_REDHAT"]},{"url":"https://github.com/cockpit-project/cockpit/security/advisories/GHSA-m4gv-x78h-3427","tags":[]},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/10/5","tags":[]},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-4631.json","tags":["x_sadp-csaf-vex"]}],"techniques":[],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2026-19814","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-19814","exploited":false,"exploitedSince":null,"provenance":"source"},"exploits":[{"id":52572,"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/52572","title":"Cockpit 359 - RCE","type":"webapps","platform":"multiple","date":"2026-05-21","verified":false,"provenance":"source"}],"exploitSources":{"exploitdb":{"count":1,"earliest":"2026-05-21"},"pocGithub":{"count":2,"skipped":0,"earliest":"2026-04-18","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/cyberheartmi9/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE","repos":[{"name":"cyberheartmi9/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE","url":"https://github.com/cyberheartmi9/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE","stars":15,"created":"2026-04-18"},{"name":"ExDev994/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE","url":"https://github.com/ExDev994/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE","stars":0,"created":"2026-07-12"}]},"nuclei":[{"id":"CVE-2026-4631","name":"Cockpit Web Console < 360 - Remote Code Execution","severity":"critical","path":"http/cves/2026/CVE-2026-4631.yaml","url":"https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2026/CVE-2026-4631.yaml"}],"first":{"date":"2026-04-18","source":"PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/cyberheartmi9/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[],"timeline":[{"date":"2026-04-07","kind":"published","label":"Published (CVE.org)","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4631","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-04-18","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: PoC-in-GitHub; later: Exploit-DB 2026-05-21","url":"https://github.com/cyberheartmi9/CVE-2026-4631-cockpit-RCE","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-07-08","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://dashboard.shadowserver.org/statistics/honeypot/vulnerability/map/?day=2026-07-08&host_type=src&vulnerability=cve-2026-4631","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":11,"firstExploitFrom":"PoC-in-GitHub","daysToKev":null},"priority":{"score":71.2,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":5.0,"detail":"added 116 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.36,"detail":"percentile 0.9681"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 Exploit-DB entry; 2 PoC-in-GitHub repos; 1 nuclei template"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":0.0,"detail":"0 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.86,"detail":"base score 9.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}