Patchfirst
CVE-2021-4034 KEVRansomwarePublic exploit High · 7.8 EPSS 94.9%

Red Hat Polkit Out-of-Bounds Read and Write Vulnerability

Red Hat · Polkit

Summary

The flaw lies in Polkit's pkexec utility, a setuid tool that lets unprivileged users run commands as privileged users under predefined policies; it mishandles the calling parameter count and ends up attempting to execute environment variables as commands. A local attacker with low privileges and no user interaction can craft environment variables that cause pkexec to run arbitrary code, escalating to administrative rights on the affected machine.

Official description · NVD

A local privilege escalation vulnerability was found on polkit's pkexec utility. The pkexec application is a setuid tool designed to allow unprivileged users to run commands as privileged users according predefined policies. The current version of pkexec doesn't handle the calling parameters count correctly and ends trying to execute environment variables as commands. An attacker can leverage this by crafting environment variables in such a way it'll induce pkexec to execute arbitrary code. When successfully executed the attack can cause a local privilege escalation given unprivileged users administrative rights on the target machine.

Breakdown
86.2 / 100
Exploited
Yes, in CISA KEV
Reports
3
Tactics
1/15

How an attack unfolds

Based on mappings. Select a step to see the evidence.
  1. How attackers get in

First seen exploited 4 months after disclosure. Public exploit code (PoC-in-GitHub) was available 3 days before disclosure.

  1. Public exploit codePoC-in-GitHub3 days before
  2. Disclosedday 0
  3. First seen exploitedVulnCheck KEV evidence+4 mo
  4. Added to CISA KEVknown ransomware use; EU database agrees+5 mo
  5. Named in a threat reportmicrosoft.com+17 mo

CISA KEV listing is when exploitation was confirmed, not necessarily the first attack.

techniques

1 , grouped by in kill-chain order 1

Privilege EscalationTA0004

MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · how it is exploited

The Polkit/Pwnkit vulnerability (CVE-2021-4034) is a critical vulnerability impacting every major Linux distribution. Its attack vector allows privilege escalation and can even give the attacker root access.

Detection

1 rule for this CVE · 31 general rules for its techniques

Rules for this CVE

1 that reference CVE-2021-4034 directly.

General rules for this CVE’s techniques

These detect the technique in general, not this specific vulnerability.

Sigma rules © SigmaHQ, Detection Rule License 1.1; linked, not reproduced.

What security researchers reported

Named in 3 threat reports
3 reportsMicrosoftCISAservices.google.comJun 2023 · 2 undated

Reports are matched by finding the exact id CVE-2021-4034 in their text; nobody has reviewed the match. One passage is shown per report, at most 320 characters, linked to the original.

Also mentioned in 50 community threat pulses (AlienVault OTX)

Weaker evidence

Pulses are indicator collections that anyone can publish. A mention is not confirmation of exploitation.

References

13 links, grouped by NVD tag (11 duplicates merged)
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